1. WAP to show stacks in python.

s=[] # a stack is basically a list open from one side only - aka the end
# This is a menu driven program, yours doesnt need to
def push(x):
    s.append(x)
    return "done!"
while True:
    print("""
+----------------------+
|                      |
|     SELECT ACTION    |
|                      |
+----------------------+
|                      |
|     [1] Push         |
|     [2] Pop          |
|     [3] Display      |
|     [4] Exit         |
|                      |
+----------------------+

ↆ Enter your choice    """)
    c=int(input(""))
    if c==1:
        inp=int(input("Enter element >> "))
        out=push(inp)
        print(inp)
    if c==2:
        out=s.pop() #yes, popping a stack is the same as a list
        print("Element removed:", str(out))
    if c==3:
        print(s[::-1]) # bcz stacks open from the ending
    if c==4:
        break

1. WAP to Create a csv file of student details.

import csv
f = open("data.csv", "w",newline="")  # without the newline argument - it creates a new line when we enter a new record
wr = csv.writer(f)
n=int(input("Enter number of records you wish to add -> "))
wr.writerow(["R. NO.", "NAME", "CLASS", "SECTION"])
for i in range(n):
    r=int(input("Enter roll number -> "))
    n=input("Enter name -> ")
    c=int(input("Enter class -> "))
    s=input("Enter section -> ")
    wr.writerow([r,n,c,s])
f.close()

2. WAP to add a record in a csv file of student details.

import csv
f = open("data.csv", "r")  # without the newline argument - it creates a new line when we enter a new record
c = csv.reader(f)
l=[]
for i in c:
    l.append(i)
f.close()
n=int(input("Enter number of records you wish to add -> "))
f = open("data.csv", "w",newline="")
wr = csv.writer(f)
for i in range(n):
    r=int(input("Enter roll number -> "))
    n=input("Enter name -> ")
    c=int(input("Enter class -> "))
    s=input("Enter section -> ")
    l.append([r,n,c,s])
for i in l:
    wr.writerow(i)
f.close()

3. WAP to remove a record in a csv file of student details.

import csv
f = open("data.csv", "r")  # without the newline argument - it creates a new line when we enter a new record
c = csv.reader(f)
l=[]
for i in c:
    l.append(i)
for i in l:
    for j in i:
        print(j,end="\t")
    print()
f.close()
n=input("Enter roll number of the student who's record you wish to remove -> ")
f = open("data.csv", "w",newline="")
wr = csv.writer(f)
for i in l:
    if i[0]!=n:
        wr.writerow(i)
f.close()

4. WAP to edit a record in a csv file of student details.

import csv
f = open("data.csv", "r")  # without the newline argument - it creates a new line when we enter a new record
c = csv.reader(f)
l=[]
for i in c:
    l.append(i)
for i in l:
    for j in i:
        print(j,end="\t")
    print()
f.close()
n=input("Enter roll number of the student who's record you wish to edit -> ")
s=0
for i in l:
    if i[0]==n:
        s=1
        print("   Enter field to modify\n   1 - Name\n   2 - Class\n   3 - Section")
        mode=int(input("    -> "))
        if mode==1:
            h=input("   Enter new name ->")
            i[1]=h
        elif mode==2:
            h=int(input("   Enter new class ->"))
            i[2]=h
        elif mode==3:
            h=input("   Enter new section ->")
            i[3]=h
        else:
            print("   invalid input!")
        break
    else:
        s=0
if s==1:
    f = open("data.csv", "w",newline="")
    wr = csv.writer(f)
    for i in l:
        wr.writerow(i)
    f.close()

5. WAP to search a record in a csv file of student details.

import csv
f = open("data.csv", "r")
c = csv.reader(f)
l=[]
for i in c:
    l.append(i)
f.close()
n=input("Enter the roll number of student who's record you wish to search -> ")
x=0
for i in l:
    if i[0]==n:
        x=1
        for j in i:
            print(j,end="\t")
        print()
    else:
        x=0
if x==0:
    print("Record not found!")

6. WAP to list all records in a csv file of student details.

import csv
f = open("data.csv", "r")  # without the newline argument - it creates a new line when we enter a new record
c = csv.reader(f)
for i in c:
    for j in i:
        print(j,end="\t")
    print()
f.close()

1. WAP to count the number of Uppercase letters in a text file.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Consectetur adipiscing elit.
Nam tempus, arcu in dapibus Iaculis, felis sapien congue Felis, et pretium lectus. 

f=open("text2.txt","r")
s=f.read()
c=0
for i in s:
    if i.isupper():
        c+=1
print("Number of Uppercase letters ->",c)
f.close()

2. WAP to count the number of Uppercase letters in a text file per line.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Consectetur adipiscing elit.
Nam tempus, arcu in dapibus Iaculis, felis sapien congue Felis, et pretium lectus. 

f=open("text2.txt","r")
l=f.readlines()
for i in range(len(l)):
    c=0
    for j in l[i]:
        if j.isupper():
            c+=1
    print("Number of Uppercase letters in line", i+1, "->",c)
f.close()

1. WAP to insert a record into a binary file. (Without deleting the old data, no you can't use append - it won't work.)

No file preview available.

import pickle as p
f=open("shinto.dat","rb")
l=[]
while True:
    try:
        h=p.load(f)
        l.append(h)
    except EOFError:
        f.close()
        break
n=input("Enter name ->")
c=int(input("Enter class ->"))
r=int(input("Enter roll no ->"))
s=input("Enter stream ->")
l.append([r,n,c,s])
f=open("shinto.dat","wb")
for j in l:
    p.dump(j,f)
f.close()

1. A file result.dat has names with their marks in english, maths and CS. Write a function called display() to display all students who scored 90+ in all 3 subjects.

result.dat [processed]
[['Anmol',93,94,95],['Raghav',95,96,97],['Daksh',87,83,92]]

import pickle as p
def result():
    f=open("result.dat","rb")
    l=[]
    while True:
        try:
            rec=p.load(f)
            l.append(rec)
        except:
            f.close()
            break
    for i in l:
        if i[1]>=90 and i[2]>=90 and i[3]>=90:
            for j in i:
                print(j,end="\t")
            print()
result()

1. WAP to delete the records of the binary file created the previous day.

No file preview available.

import pickle as p
f=open("shinto.dat","rb")
l=[]
print("R. NO.\tNAME\tCLASS\tSTREAM")
while True:
    try:
        rec=p.load(f)
        l.append(rec)
        r,n,c,s=rec
        print(r,n,c,s,sep="\t")
    except:
        f.close()
        break
f=open("shinto.dat","wb")
rno=int(input("Enter roll number of student to be removed -> "))
for j in l:
    if j[0]==rno:
        pass
    else:
        p.dump(j,f)
f.close()

1. WAP to search the records of the binary file created the previous day.

No file preview available.

import pickle as p

f = open("shinto.dat", "rb")
l = []
n = int(input("Enter roll number -> "))
# implement searching based on other factors
while True:
    try:
        rec = p.load(f)
        l.append(rec)
    except:
        f.close()
        break
print("R. NO.\tNAME\tCLASS\tSTREAM")
for i in l:
    if i[0] == n:
        r, n, c, s = i
        print(r, n, c, s, sep="\t")

2. WAP to modify the records of the binary file created the previous day.

No file preview available.

# the one im showing here is quite a complicated version, you can go for something simple
import pickle as p
f=open("shinto.dat","rb")
l=[]
while True:
    try:
        rec=p.load(f)
        l.append(rec)
        r,n,c,s=rec
        print(r,n,c,s,sep="\t")
    except:
        f.close()
        break

n=int(input("Enter Roll number of student whos data is to be modified -> "))
s=0
for i in l:
    if i[0]==n:
        s=1
        print("   Enter field to modify\n   1 - Name\n   2 - Class\n   3 - Stream")
        mode=int(input("    -> "))
        if mode==1:
            h=input("   Enter new name ->")
            i[1]=h
        elif mode==2:
            h=int(input("   Enter new class ->"))
            i[2]=h
        elif mode==3:
            h=input("   Enter new stream ->")
            i[3]=h
        else:
            print("   invalid input!")
        break
    else:
        s=0
if s==1:
    f=open("shinto.dat","wb")
    for i in l:
        p.dump(i,f)
    f.close()
else:
    print("Record not found!")

1. WAP to take lists of data and add them to a binary file

by Aryaman Sharma

No file preview available.

import pickle
f=open("shinto.dat","wb")
l=[]
while True:
    n=input("Enter name ->")
    if n.lower()=="end":
        break
    c=int(input("Enter class ->"))
    r=int(input("Enter roll no ->"))
    s=input("Enter stream ->")
    l=[r,n,c,s]
    pickle.dump(l,f)
f.close()

2. WAP to read the binary file just created.

No file preview available.

import pickle as p
f=open("shinto.dat","rb")
print("R. NO.\tNAME\tCLASS\tSTREAM")
while True:
    try:
        r,n,c,s=p.load(f)
        print(r,n,c,s,sep="\t")
    except:
        f.close()
        break

1. WAP to take a string from the user till the user enters 'END'. Save the data to a file "myfile.txt" and display only sentences starting with Uppercase alphabets.

question by Aryaman Sharma

f=open("myfile.txt","w")
l=""
while True:
    inp=input("-> ")
    if inp!="END":
        l=l+inp+"\n" #we use `\n` to create a new line
    else:
        f.write(l)
        f.close()
        break
g=open("myfile.txt","r")
s=g.readlines()
for i in s:
    if i[0].isupper():
        print(i,end="")
g.close()

2. Write a function to take a string as a parameter and return the number of vowels as a dictionary.

question by Aryaman Sharma

def count(a):
    d={"a":0,"e":0,"i":0,"o":0,"u":0}
    for i in a:
        if i in "aeiouAEIOU":
            c=d.get(i)
            d.update({i.lower():c+1})
    return d
print(count("random string"))

1. WAP to count the number of words in a text file.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nam tempus, arcu in dapibus iaculis, felis sapien congue felis, et pretium lectus. 

f=open("textfile.txt","r")
s=f.read()
l=s.split()
print("Number of words ->",len(l))
f.close()

2. WAP to count the number of words starting with a particular ("a" for this example) letter in a text file.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nam tempus, arcu in dapibus iaculis, felis sapien congue felis, et pretium lectus. 

f=open("textfile.txt","r")
s=f.read()
l=s.split()
c=0
for i in l:
    if i[0]=="a":
        c+=1
print("Number of words starting with 'a' ->",c)
f.close()

3. WAP to create a copy of a text file.

original.txt
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nam tempus, arcu in dapibus iaculis, felis sapien congue felis, et pretium lectus.

copy.txt

f=open("original.txt","r")
s=f.read()
g=open("copy.txt","w")
g.write(s)
g.close()
f.close()

1. WAP to create a text file.

f=open("file.txt","w")
f.write("abc")
f.close()

2. WAP to change all characters of a file to UPPERCASE.

Just a test file
y'know

f=open("abc.txt","r")
s=f.read()
u=s.upper()
print(u)

2. WAP to change the first letter of all words of a file to UPPERCASE.

Just a test file
y'know

f=open("abc.txt","r")
s=f.readlines()
for i in s:
    for j in i.split():
        print(j.capitalize(),end=" ")
    print()

1. WAP to find area of a regular polygon.

from math import tan,pi
s=int(input("Enter number of sides -> "))
l=int(input("Enter length of a side -> "))
ar=(s*l**2)/(4*tan(pi/s))
print(ar)

1. WAP to create a dictionary.

def makedic(n):
    l={}
    for i in range(n):
        h=eval(input("Enter key -> "))
        k=eval(input("Enter value -> "))
        l.update({h:k})
    return l
print(makedic(2))

1. Write a program to demonstrate local and global scopes.

by Aryaman Sharma

G=10 #glboal variable intially taken

def localvariable():
    G=15 #this value is local therefore only in this function will the value of G be 15
    return G
def joseph():
    global G #global functions makes it so that G=20 is the new official value of G all over the code, calling is essential however
    G=20
def biden():
    global G
    G=30
def borris():
    global G
    G=40
print(G) #yield should be 10 as origianl value of G was 10
joseph()
print(G) #yield should be 20
biden()
print(G) #yield should be 30
borris()
print(G) #yield should be 40

#although value of G is sustained for local for e.g.
print(localvariable())

1. Create a function to add and subtract values and return the both of these values.

def func(a,b):
    c=a+b
    d=a-b
    return c,d
a,b=func(420,69)
print(a,b,sep="\n")

1. Import a function from a file.

def func(a,b):
    c=a*b
    return c

from modl import func
print(func(10,20))

1. Make some functions using args.

# function defs ->
def area_sqr(s=10):
    ar=s*s
    return ar

def area_rect(a=10,b=20):
    ar=a*b
    return ar

def addnum(a,b):
    s=a+b
    return s

def expo(a,b=2):
    e=1
    for i in range(b):
        e*=a
    return e

# function calls ->
print("Area of sqr:",area_sqr())
print("Area of sqr with args:",area_sqr(200))

print("Area of rect:",area_rect())
print("Area of rect with args:",area_rect(60,90))

print("Add num:",addnum(7,2))

print("Exponent:",expo(3))
print("Exponent with second arg:",expo(3,5))

1. Make 3 functions: area of square, area of rectangle and sum of 2 numbers

def area_sqr():
    s=10
    print("Area of square:", s*s)
def area_rect():
    a=10
    b=20
    print("Area of rectangle:", a*b)
def add():
    a=69
    b=420
    print("Add:", a+b)
area_sqr()
area_rect()
add()

1. WAP to take input from user in list.

l=[]
n=int(input("Enter no. -> "))
for i in range(n):
    l.append(int(input("-> ")))
print(l)

2. WAP to take input from user in touple.

t=()
n=int(input("Enter no. -> "))
for i in range(n):
    t+=(int(input("-> ")),)
print(t)

3. WAP to find min-max in list.

l=[]
n=int(input("Enter no. -> "))
for i in range(n):
    l.append(int(input("-> ")))
print(l)
maxm=0
for i in l:
    if i>maxm:
        maxm=i
minm=maxm
for j in l:
    if j < minm:
        minm=j
print("Maximum ->", maxm)
print("Minimum ->", minm)

4. WAP to take input from user in dictionary.

d={}
n=int(input("Enter no. of entries -> "))
for i in range(n):
    na=input("Enter name -> ")
    cl=int(input("Enter class -> "))
    rn=int(input("Enter roll no. -> "))
    mh=int(input("Maths -> "))
    ph=int(input("Physics -> "))
    ch=int(input("Chemistry -> "))
    l=[cl,rn]
    t=(mh,ph,ch)
    d.update({na:[l,t]})
print(d)

5. Sort a list

l=[6,9,4,2,0]
for i in range(len(l)):
    for j in range(i-1,-1,-1):
        if l[j+1] < l[j]:
            l[j],l[j+1]=l[j+1],l[j]
print(l)

1. String functions

#a test string
# Bro = Mr. sharma btw
t="Bros IQ is room temperature in celsius scale"

# .isalpha(): returns true if the tring has only alphabets
print("abc".isalpha())
print("abc ".isalpha())
print("abc21".isalpha())

# .isdigit(): True if string has only digits
print("123".isdigit())

# len(): length of string (spaces are also counted)
print(len("hi :D"))

# .split(seperator, maxsplit): string to list
print(t.split())
print(t.split("e"))
print(t.split("e", 3)) #['Bros IQ is room t', 'mp', 'ratur', ' in celsius scale'] -> notice how it does not split on the e in celsius

# .lower(): Converts all upper case letters to lower case
print(t.lower())

# .islower: Checks if every char is in lower case
print("abc 123 sbs".islower())

# .upper(): Converts all lower case letters to upper case
print(t.upper())

# .isupper: Checks if every char is in upper case
print("ABC 123 SDS".isupper())

# .find(substring, start, end): true if the given substing is found in the given range
print(t.find("i"))
print(t.find("i", 9))
print(t.find("i", 0, 2)) # -1 if not found

# .lstrip(string): remove the given substr from the left of the string or " " if no argument is given
print("      ab".lstrip())
print("hhhhhhxy".lstrip("h"))

# .rstrip(string): remove the given substr from the right of the string or " " if no argument is given
print("ab       ".rstrip())
print("xy hhhhhhhhhhh".rstrip("h"))
print("      ab".lstrip())
print("xy    ".lstrip("c")) #returns the same substr?

# .isspace(): BRO, THIS SHIT LITERALLY CHECKS IF THE STRING IS A SPACE. LIKE YOU COULD DO S==" "
print(" ".isspace())
print(" obviously not".isspace())

# .istitle(): checks if a str is a title. Oh what is a title? well the first letter of wach word must be upper case and no special characters.
print("This".istitle())
print("This is not".istitle())
print("This is @lso not".istitle())
print("But This Is".istitle())

# "substr".join(str): tbh very confusing, it takes in a string and joins each char in it with the given substr
# substr will be what u want to seperate each char with
# and str will be the main string
print("#".join(t)) # you might be reminded of something from here

# .swapcase(): It swaps upper case chars for lower case ones and vise-versa
print(t.swapcase())

# .partition(str): splits the string into 3 parts and returns a touple
print(t.partition("IQ")) #notice how it returns a touple with 3 portions

# 69TH LINE GG

# .endswith(substr): checks if the string ends with the given substr
print("abc  123 xyz".endswith("xyz"))
print("abc  123 xyz".endswith("abc"))

# .startswith(substr): checks if the string starts with the given substr
print("abc  123 xyz".startswith("xyz"))
print("abc  123 xyz".startswith("abc"))

# ord(): ordinal value for string
print(ord("A"))

# chr(): character value for ordinal
print(chr(69))

#thats it

2. Take a string from the user and replace space with # (according to someone, you really GOTTA TAKE THE # FROM THE USER TOO, YEAHHHH)

s=input("Enter string -> ")
l=s.replace(" ","#")
print(l)

1. WAP to calculate the income tax of employee on the basis of basic sallery and total savings subject to these conditions:
(i) If sallery is less than 2.5 L, no tax
(ii) If sallery is b/w 2.5 L and 5 L, 5% tax
(iii) If sallery is b/w 5 L and 10 L, 20% tax
(iv) If sallery is greater than 10 L, 30% tax
(v) On an investment of upto 1.5 L, employee cam save 45 K

b=int(input("Enter basic pay -> "))
s=int(input("Enter saving -> "))
t=0
if b<=250000:
    t=0
elif 250000<=b<=500000:
    t=0.05*b
elif 500000<=b<=1000000:
    t=0.2*b
else:
    t=0.3*b

if t>=150000:
    if t>s:
        t=t-45000
else:
    if t>s:
        t=t-s
print(t)

1. Some guy (forgot his name) borrowed Rs. 40,000 from some other guy. He wants to repay it after 6 years. Find the total amount he has to pay using simple interest. (bro literally gave us a math question in CS 💀💀)

p=40000 #principal amnt
r=8 #rate of interest
t=6 #time in yrs
print("Total amount at the end of 6 years:",p+((p*r*t)//100))

2. Generate fibonacci series using while loop.

n=int(input("Enter the number of terms: "))
a=0
b=1
i=1
while i<=n:
    c=a+b
    print(c)
    a=b
    b=c
    i+=1

3. Find a raised to the power b.

a=int(input("Enter number -> "))
b=int(input("Enter power -> "))
ans=1
for i in range(1,b+1):
    ans*=a
print(a,"^",b,"=",ans)

4. Print prime numbers between 2 & 200.

for i in range(2,201):
    prm=True
    for j in range(2,(i//2)+1):
        if i%j!=0:
            prm=True
        else:
            prm=False
            break
    if prm==True:
        print(i)
    else:
        continue